Development history of gas separation and liquefac

The development history of China's gas separation and liquefaction equipment

Part I: from the founding of new China to 1978 1 overview of China's gas separation and liquefaction equipment industry, which is an emerging industry established and developed after the founding of new China. The gas separation and liquefaction equipment industry has a history of 100 years since professor Carl Linde of Germany invented the first air liquefaction equipment and 10m3/h (oxygen) air separation equipment in 1985 and 1903. In the past 100 years, with the continuous development of science and technology and the continuous emergence of new technologies, gas separation and liquefaction equipment has not only been greatly developed and improved in terms of variety, grade, performance, design and manufacturing technology, but also has been more and more widely used in the national economy. In economic construction, gas separation and liquefaction equipment was initially mainly used to provide oxygen for metal welding and cutting and oxygen for medical respiration. Later, with the continuous emergence of new technologies, it was gradually applied to other industrial sectors. In metallurgical industry, it is used for pure oxygen steelmaking and blast ironmaking; In petrochemical industry, oxygen can be used not only for cracking heavy oil to produce olefins, but also as feed gas and fuel gas for coal gasification to produce ammonia; Nitrogen is widely used as feed gas, replacement gas and protective gas in metallurgy, chemical industry, light textile, electronics and other industrial sectors; Argon, neon, helium, krypton, xenon and other gases are also used in the electric light source industry. In addition, the products of gas separation and liquefaction equipment are also widely used in food industry, agriculture and animal husbandry and environmental protection. In recent years, dozens of difficult diseases can be cured in medical and health undertakings. The development of modern cutting-edge science and technology has opened up a broader application field for gas separation and liquefaction equipment. Today, the products of gas separation and liquefaction equipment are indispensable for both "heaven, man and earth" and "exploring treasure in the sea". Space launch vehicles, energy development, frozen soil, enhanced oil extraction, coal mine safety and other new application technologies are emerging. Several years later, with the acceleration of industrialization, the gas consumption will greatly exceed the current metallurgical consumption. There are also advanced technologies such as superconductivity, integrated circuit, satellite communication, telemetry and laser, which are closely related to gas separation and liquefaction equipment products. Before the founding of new China, there was not only no manufacturing industry of gas separation and liquefaction equipment in China, but also few applications of such equipment, shapeways said. In 1934, Qingdao purchased 15m3/h (oxygen) air separation equipment from Japan, which was installed and produced by the Japanese, and became the first factory in China to use low-temperature separation method to produce oxygen. By the eve of liberation in 1949, the air separation equipment used in only a few coastal cities such as Shanghai and Qingdao was imported, with less than 100 sets, and the oxygen production capacity of a single set was between 10m3/h and 200m3/h, and the total oxygen production capacity of the country was less than 3500m3/h. 2 the first 30m3/h (oxygen) air separation equipment was born (1951-1953). After the founding of new China, the national economy has been rapidly recovered and developed, and the manufacturing industry of gas separation and liquefaction equipment has also emerged. In Northeast China, where the economy recovered earlier, the problem of difficulty in using oxygen is more prominent. In 1951, Harbin Industrial Bureau sent songfengbin, director of the technical office of the Bureau, to preside over this work. Harbin First Machinery Factory (now Harbin oxygen machine factory) first began to design and trial produce 30m3/h (oxygen) air separation equipment. The factory employs five (Russian born) engineers from the society, including krasnobiev cheff who has been exposed to the major of air separation, and the two brothers of natzyevsky who are familiar with the technology of piston compressors. Li Hongyuan, a technician of the factory, is sent to participate in the design work and learn while working. Krasnobiev cheff found a Russian version of the information (c-30 type) about the process and technical parameters of 30m3/h (oxygen) air separation equipment, with structural outline drawings attached. Based on this information and the experience gained in the previous stage of repairing 25m3/h (oxygen) air separation equipment, they designed a complete set of drawings of 30m3/h (oxygen) air separation equipment with high-pressure process in January 1953, "When we first started to enter the field of nanotechnology research, we finally completed the trial production of two sets of 30m3/h (oxygen) air separation equipment at the end of 1953. After running, the oxygen output reached 30m3/h, and the oxygen purity was 99.2%, reaching the design index. The trial production of these two sets of air separation equipment was successful, thus ending the history that China could not manufacture air separation equipment. 3 the country deployed the first batch production of air separation equipment (1952~1956) relevant national departments began to brew the production distribution of gas separation and liquefaction equipment. In August, 1952, the national factory and mining machinery conference arranged the production of some mechanical products. The heavy industry department proposed that China should produce its own "oxygen generator", and planned to arrange the "oxygen generator" to be produced by cattle in East China. Most of the representatives of factories in East China have never been exposed to the air. Scaled carries unique new aircraft separation equipment for the first time every year, and dare not undertake it rashly. Only Qian Zuen, the director of Zhejiang iron factory, once participated in the installation of a 92m3/h (oxygen) air separation plant imported from Canada in Shanghai. He was familiar with the principle and unit conditions of this kind of equipment and made a brief introduction. Therefore, Zhejiang tieqian factory accepted the production of "oxygen generator". The trial production of air separation equipment starts from the 12L/h (liquid oxygen) mobile air separation equipment. At that time, the urgent task of trial production of oxygen charging vehicles was handed over to Zhejiang iron factory. The factory organized more than 80 technical personnel and production backbones to form a new product trial production room. The first machinery department also sent eight engineering and technical personnel such as Xue shouchang to the factory to help work. At the end of June, 1953, the first type of oxygen charging vehicle was completed. In August, 1953, Zhejiang railway factory was renamed Hangzhou general machinery factory, and soon began to prepare for the trial production of a complete set of air separation equipment. In August, 1954, more than 10 technicians led by engineer Hong Shizhang, head of the design department, went to Jixi coal mine in Heilongjiang Province to analyze the 30m3/h (oxygen) air separation equipment imported from the Soviet Union. After that, the first Bureau of the first Ministry of machinery industry also handed over a set of drawings of the fractionator of the 30m3/h air gas separation equipment imported from the Soviet Union to Hangzhou general machinery factory. The factory appointed engineer Chen Yiqiao as the chief designer of the product. According to the Soviet Union drawings obtained in 1953 and the data obtained from visiting Jixi and analyzing them, the production drawings of the equipment were sorted out and put into manufacturing, installation and commissioning. On January 3, 1956, the equipment